BASH COMMANDS
&
Start a new process in the background
apt
Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
apt-get
Search for and install software packages (Debian/Ubuntu)
bash
GNU Bourne-Again SHell
bc
Arbitrary precision calculator language
bg
Send to background
cal
Display a calendar
cd
Change Directory
chattr
Change file attributes on a Linux file system
chmod
Change access permissions
chpasswd
Update passwords in batch mode
chroot
Run a command with a different root directory
clear
Clear terminal screen
command
Run a command - ignoring shell functions
cp
Copy one or more files to another location
cmp
Compare two files
curl
Transfer data from or to a server
cut
Divide a file into several parts
date
Display or change the date & time
dc
Desk Calculator
diff
Display the differences between two files
dir
Briefly list directory contents
dirname
Convert a full pathname to just a path
dirs
Display list of remembered directories
echo
Display message on screen
env
Environment variables
eject
Eject removable media
export
Set an environment variable
expr
Evaluate expressions
exec
Execute a command
exit
Exit the shell
false
Do nothing, unsuccessfully
format
Format disks or tapes
fgrep
Search file(s) for lines that match a fixed string
free
Display memory usage
gawk
Find and Replace text within file(s)
grep
Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern
groupdel
Delete a group
groupmod
Modify a group
hash
Remember the full pathname of a name argument
head
Output the first part of file(s)
hostname
Print or set system name
history
Command History
id
Print user and group id's
import
Capture an X server screen and save the image to file
install
Copy files and set attributes
ip
Routing, devices and tunnels
join
Join lines on a common field
kill
Kill a process by specifying its PID
local
Create a function variable
locate
Find files
look
Display lines beginning with a given string
link
Create a link to a file
ls
List information about file(s)
make
Recompile a group of programs
mkdir
Create new folder(s)
mkfifo
Make FIFOs (named pipes)
mkfile
Make a file
mtr
Network diagnostics (traceroute/ping)
mv
Move or rename files or directories
mmv
Mass Move and rename (files)
nc
Netcat, read and write data across networks
netstat
Networking connections/stats
nl
Number lines and write files
open
Open a file in its default application
op
Operator access
passwd
Modify a user password
ping
Test a network connection
Perf
Performance analysis tools for Linux
pr
Prepare files for printing
printenv
Print environment variables
pwd
Print Working Directory
pv
Monitor the progress of data through a pipe
ram
ram disk device
rar
Archive files with compression
read
Read a line from standard input
reboot
Reboot the system
rename
Rename files
rev
Reverse lines of a file
rm
Remove files
rmdir
Remove folder(s)
rsync
Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
screen
Multiplex terminal, run remote shells via ssh
select
Accept user choices via keyboard input
shift
Shift positional parameters
shuf
Generate random permutations
shutdown
Shutdown or restart linux
sort
Sort text files
source
Run commands from a file '.'
ssh
Secure Shell client (remote login program)
sudo
Execute a command as another user
suspend
Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
sed
Remote file copy (Synchronize file trees)
ss
Socket Statistics
su
Substitute user identity
tail
Output the last part of a file
test
Evaluate a conditional expression
time
Measure Program running time
touch
Change file timestamps
tmux
Terminal multiplexer
tr
Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters
type
Describe a command
true
Do nothing, successfully
top
List processes running on the system
ulimit
Limit user resources
userdel
Delete a user account
usermod
Modify user account
users
List users currently logged in
v
Verbosely list directory contents ('ls -l -b')
vdir
Verbosely list directory contents ('ls -l -b')
vi
VIM Text Editor
wc
Print byte, word, and line counts
wget
Retrieve web pages or files via HTTP, HTTPS or FTP
who
Print all usernames currently logged in
whoami
Print the current user id and name ('id -un')
while
Execute commands
write
Send a message to another user
xdg-open
Open a file or URL in the user's preferred application.
yes
Print a string until interrupted
.
Run a command script in the current shell
!!
Run the last command again
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