LABORATORY-1A

Shell Commands

grep-commands

grep = global regular expression print


The grep filter searches a file for a particular pattern of characters and displays all the line that contain that pattern.


Syntax: grep [options] pattern [files]


Options:


-c: This print only a count of the lines that match a pattern


-h:Display the matched lines,but do not display the file names


-i: Ignores, case for matching


-l: Display the list of a filenames only


-n: Display the matched lines and their line numbers.


-v: This prints out all the lines that do not matches the pattern.


-e exp: Specifies expression with this option. {Can use multiple times}


-f file: Takes pattern from file, one per line.


-E: Trest pattern as an extended regular expression


-w: Match whole word


-o: Print only the matched parts of a matching line.


-A n: Print searched line and n lines after the result


-B n: Print searched line and n lines before the result


-C n: Print searched line and n lines after before the result


^: Starts with


$: Ends with


[]: Containing at least one character from given set


[:upper:]: Matches all the upper case letter.


[:lower:]: Matches all the lower case letter.


head -[n]: Displays the specified number of lines from the top.


tail -[n]: Displays the specified number of lines from the bottom.


cut: Displays bytes, characters or fields from the lines of a file.


eg:- cut -b [3,6,9] filename : display 3,6,9 bytes of each line


cut -d " " -f [n] filename: space as a delimeter and display the nth field.